How to punch fast and
hard?
高速でハードパンチする方法
How to make powerful
techniques of Karate?
空手の強力な技術を作る方法
空手先生 Myint Kywe
ဆိုရွိကိ ကရာေတးအသင္း နည္းျပခ်ဳပ္
ဦးျမင့္ၾကြယ္ ( ၿမိဳ
႔မ ျမင့္ၾကြယ္ )
組織空手クラブのチーフインストラクター
首席先生 Soshiki Karate (松濤館 空手)
作家、歴史家,ビルマ（ミャンマー）
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Mastering
a quick, powerful punch is fundamental to becoming a good karate master. It
starts with perfecting your form and using your whole body, not just your arm,
to generate force.
E
is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. Since then, E=mc2 has become one of the most famous
equations in the world. Even people with no background in physics have at least
heard of the equation and are aware of its prodigious influence on the world we
live in.
This equation is under Physics. Physics is a branch of Science, so
we can say it is a scientific equation. But, I think, it can also be called a
mathematical equation as for the fact that Math is used for the derivation of
this equation. Physics makes use of Math concepts.
An
equation derived by the twentieth-century physicist Albert
Einstein's theory of relativity says that
E (energy) = M (mass) times C (speed) squared.
This means that to generate the most energy (power) we need to get as much
weight (mass) moving as quickly as possible.
Using
correct form not only allows you to strike with the weight (mass) of the entire
body, but using proper connection allows you to move the body as a unit, which
makes the strikes faster, generating more power.
E = mc2 is the world’s most
famous equation—a mathematical formula
with the power to transcend the barriers of language and culture.
Sports
physiology describes this concept as 'connection' in the martial arts we call
it “Chi" or 'Ki'.
It is true that bigger stronger people can strike harder than smaller, weaker people based on their weight, but if the smaller person is faster the scale will be more balanced. If the parties are close to the same weight, the striker with better form will hit harder than the stronger one, as have the same relative mass. Plus as time goes on, strength tends to fade more quickly than form, meaning the better trained fighter will hit harder for longer.
But, a punch requires
several forces to accelerate and decelerate from different areas
simultaneously.
The
force equation for a simple linear acceleration is F=MA.
The
force equation for punching is a good method more COMPLICATED than it.
Since
1978, I always try to mention that the concepts behind techniques are the
"real" karate martial art.
Body
alignment, balancing, stability centre of gravity, rotational kinetic energy, force,
self confidence, will power,
body mass, focusing, right technique and high speed, impact tension, etc were
the most important thing. These in
combination realize (visible form) the concepts that are the basic for all
techniques of powerful KARATE.
Learning
how to aim correctly and punch within range will give your punches more speed,
and you can build strength using training techniques that build your muscles
the right way.
A
properly executed punch comes from far more then arms.
A punch パンチングまたはパンチは is a striking blow with the closed
fist. It is used in some martial arts and combat sports, most notably boxing where it is the only
type of offensive technique allowed.
It comes all the way from your foot (pressing down on the ground), through your leg muscles, through body rotation, through hip roll over, and, finally, thought your arm. Therefore the way you are standing on the ground firmly is important.
But it is also how you use all those muscles.
Many
people power loss by tensing up all the way to their target. With relatively
relaxed muscles on the way to the target, tensing up just before impact, you
save more energy for the impact.
Many hand techniques require one to make a fist and it is important that it is done correctly.
· The fingers should be curled tightly into the palm
· The thumb lays tightly on top of the fingers.
· The fist must be tight, loose fingers can break when hitting an object.
There is also the issue of form and thereby surface area. If someone punches with all 4 knuckles, the impact is spread out over a wider surface area then if the impact is merely over 2 knuckles. It's pure physics.
Also,
if you punch without full extension (such as bent elbow or wrist), you are actually
taking part of that impact back upon yourself thereby reducing the power of the
punch. Similarly with poor rotation, poor "stance", or dropping your
other hand, you can reduce the impact.
Most karate instructor who have studied physics, even if only in high school, are quick to point out the F=ma.
Most karate instructor who have studied physics, even if only in high school, are quick to point out the F=ma.
Science
declares that if I want to hit the serve with more power I must find a way to
generate greater velocity through utilizing Newton's mass x acceleration
formula. This section explains Newton's second law of motion or Force is equal
to Mass times Acceleration. It is represented by
F = M x A
Acceleration
is a way of measuring a constant increase in velocity. If an object is
accelerating then it is moving faster and faster.
The equation F=ma (Force
= mass x acceleration) is
considered the most important for your powerful punching and kicking.
Power
is more dependent on natural scientific principles which involve body mass,
acceleration, reaction force, balance, and proper technique than on training in
any particular karate martial art.
On
the other hand, great speeds may be attained by the arm or leg when propelled
from the supported torso and stance, much as a stone is shot from a sling;
however, this fast-moving limb does not have a large mass on impact.
To
achieve both mass and speed, the arm or leg which has been shot from the torso
and stance can be tensed just before impact and reconnected to the torso and
thus to the large mass of the lower body which is connected to the ground by
the stance leg(s). However, while this technique attaches a large mass to the
limb, it eventually slows the limb down.
There
is a compromise which assures that maximum momentum (mass x velocity) is
available upon impact with target. Depending on the target and the strategy,
various proportions of mass and velocity may be selected to contribute to
produce large momentum.
This
is the essence of "focus 決め(焦点) Kime."
The
Japanese word kime is often translated as ‘focus.’ Among other things, kime
is designed to increase the effective mass behind a punch.
In simple terms, momentum is
considered to be a quantity of motion. This quantity is measurable because if
an object is moving and has mass, then it has momentum. Something that has a
large mass has a large momentum or something that is moving very fast has a
large momentum.
Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity.
There
is one aspect of velocity that must be understood in order to comprehend the
following martial arts methods, which increase the mass behind jabs. A
change in the contribution of velocity to total kinetic energy requires a force
to be applied to the body over a distance. The boxer’s cross generally delivers
greater injury than the jab because it possesses more KE; this is due, in part,
to the greater distance it travels, which increases its velocity. More velocity
means more KE, which means more potential to cause of power.
I
can explain with 試割り Tameshiwari technique. Breaking (Tameshiwari) is a martial arts technique that is
used in competition, demonstration and testing. Breaking is an action where a
martial artist uses a striking surface to break one or more objects using the
skills honed in their art form. The striking surface is usually a hand or a foot, but may also be a fingertip, toe, head, elbow, knuckle, or knee.
From
a physics point of view, breaking an inch thick pine board with a hand strike
may be possible even for someone who is attempting that for the first time if
that person is given some proper instructions.
The
key ingredient is that the person’s hand needs to move at a high speed at the
point of impact with the board. In order for the hand to be moving still at a
high speed when the hand hits the board, the person must imagine that the board
is further down from its actual position, i.e., he should be aiming his strike
at a point that is lower than the actual position of the board.
Suppose
the impact has broken the board.
The
larger the velocity of the hand/forearm, the larger is the force needed to stop
the hand/forearm. By Newton’s Third Law, the hand/forearm will apply an equal
and opposite force on the board. When the velocity is large enough, the force
that the hand/forearm is exerting on the board will be large enough to break
the board, i.e., the board will break before it can exert a large enough force
on the hand/forearm to stop it.
The
amount of KE (kinetic
energy) of the hand/forearm when
in motion (or the amount of energy that the hand/forearm can impart to the
board) is proportional to the square of its velocity; that is why the key
ingredient to breaking the board is to have the hand/forearm moving at a high
velocity.
Don’t
forget
relaxed your body and mind, will power, self confidence, impact, ability of focusing,
concentration of power, speed, tense and solid to increase mass. Therefore the
purpose of tensing the muscles of the body on impact is to increase the
effective mass of the technique.
